![]() ![]() ![]() For example, in order to verify some of the possible causes identified you may need to collect data (using checksheets) and analyse it (Pareto Analysis, graphs, etc.). This will probably involve using other tools. If the diagram becomes too crowded, move one or more categories to a new sheet of paper.Įvaluate and analyse the possible causes. Connect them to the main line with slanting arrows.Īdd the causes to the diagram clustered around the major causes they influence.ĭivide and sub-divide the causes to show how they interact, and draw links between causes that are related. Write the major categories in boxes parallel to, and some distance from, the main line. When the effect results from a recognisable process or set of activities, the major steps in the process can be used. Using standard categories such as the 4Ms (Machines, Materials, Methods, Manpower) or PEMPEM (Plant, Equipment, Materials, People, Environment, Methods).Write the effect (problem) in a box on the right and draw a long line pointing to the box.ĭecide the major categories of causes. A cause and effect diagram, also known as an Ishikawa or 'fishbone' diagram, is a graphic tool used to explore and display the possible causes of a certain effect. It must be stated in clear and concise terms, agreed by everyone. The effect may be either a problem or a desirable effect - when something desirable has happened it is useful to find out what caused it so you can make it happen again.Įstablish what the problem, or effect, is. Use this tool when you want to establish the cause of an effect. The technique uses a Cause and Effect Diagram to record the possible causes as they are suggested. This tool encourages a group setting for problem -solving and demonstrates that problems can have a number of causes.Ĭause and effect analysis is a technique for identifying the possible causes of a problem or effect. Also called the ‘Fishbone Diagram’, or Ishikawa chart, this participatory exercise explores the links between the effects and the possible causes of an issue. ![]()
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